spacecraft is in final preparations for its launch in mid-June, paving
the way for China's first manned space docking mission, as well as the
country's first space mission featuring a femaleastronaut.
The mission will feature the country's first attempt at manual space
docking with the orbiting Tiangong-1 lab module, aswell as tasks to be
completed aboard the Tiangong-1 by astronauts from the Shenzhou-9,
space experts said at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest
China's Gobi desert.
China will launch the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft sometime in mid-June, a
spokesperson said last Saturday.
"The launch of the Shenzhou-9 is a highly influential event that marks
an important milestone for the development of China's space
technology," Cui Jijun, director of the Jiuquan Satellite Launch
Center, said on Wednesday.
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the creationof China's manned
space program, which was officially initiated on Sept. 21, 1992. The
launch of the Shenzhou-9 spacecraftmarks the program's 10th launch and
the country's fourth manned spaceflight.
China aims to build a space station around 2020based on the space
rendezvous and docking technology that is currently being tested.
Several components will be sent into space separately before being
assembled into a space station through a variety of docking
procedures.
"In the Russian and USA space programs, the most serious docking
problems have been caused by automatic docking systems, more so than
by manual docking," said Pat Norris, chairman of the Royal
Aeronautical Society Space Group.
"China has taken the prudent course of verifying new space technology
in robotic flights before applying it to human space missions,"he
said, referring to last November's unmanned Shenzhou-8 mission to test
docking technology, as well as four unmanned missions that took place
before the launch of the Shenzhou-5, which took astronaut Yang Liwei
into space in 2003 and orbited Earth 14 times.
"China is only the third nation to launch humans into space, which is
a very impressive achievement," said Norris, who is also a member of
the Executive Committee of the UK Parliamentary Space Committee.
FULL PREPARATIONS
The Command Hall of the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is in "ready
to launch" status, according to launch center commander Wang Jun, who
will be responsible for turning the ignition key during the actual
launch.
A full-system drill was held on Tuesday, with all systems relevant to
the mission found to be in full operating condition, Cui said.
He added that a sound emergency plan is in placeand comprehensive
escapedrills have been conductedto ensure the safety of thethree
astronauts aboard.
The target module Tiangong-1 was brought down to docking orbit in
early June and is ready for docking attempts by the Shenzhou-9 and
Shenzhou-10 spacecraft, according to a spokesperson from China'smanned
space program.
The three astronauts havebeen "strictly quarantined" so as to
guarantee their physical and psychological condition, according to Lu
Jinrong, chief engineer at the Jiuquan center.
"We cannot see them or get in touch with them. Allwe can do is provide
support for their life and work," Lu said.
Although the construction of another launch center in southern China's
island province of Hainan is well under way, the Jiuquan center will
continue to be used to send manned spacecraft into space, while heavy
components to be used to build the space station will be launched at
the Hainan center, Lu said, adding that the Jiuquan center will
"constantly adapt to new missions."
HIGH TEMPS POSE THREAT
"This launch marks the first time for a Chinese spacecraft to be
launched during the hot summer weather," Cui said.
The previous nine launches -- from the launch of the Shenzhou-1 to the
Tiangong-1 -- took place in spring, autumn or winter, he said.
For the Shenzhou-9 mission, high temperatures will pose a threat to
the craft, as the ship's propellant can vaporize in excessively high
temperatures. Efforts have been made to cool the propellant to around
15 degrees Celsius, "the best temperature before launch," Cui said.
"Summer is a good choice for the launch time," he said, as
thunderstorms seldom occur near Jiuquanduring the summer. Springand
winter bring sandstorms and extremelylow temperatures to the area,
respectively.