We have some relatives who are going to slaughter a cow on the second
day of Eid for a wedding feast (waleemah). Is it permissible for us to
share that with them, with the intention of following the Sunnah of
offering a sacrifice (udhiyah)? Will we attain the full reward by
doing that?
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Praise be to Allah
Firstly:
The wedding feast (waleemah) may be done by offering any kind of food
to those who attend, even if it is made of barley.
Inal-Mawsoo'ah al-Fiqhiyyah(45/250) it says:
The Hanafi, Maaliki, Shaafa'i and Hanbali fuqaha' are of the view that
there is no minimum requirement for the wedding feast, and the sunnah
(of offering a wedding feast) may be fulfilled by offering any kind of
food, even if it is two mudds of barley, because of the saheeh hadith:
The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) gave a wedding
feast of two mudds of barley when he married one of his wives.
'Iyaad stated that there was scholarly consensus on the fact that
there is no minimum requirement for the wedding feast, and that
whatever food is offered, the sunnah is fulfilled.
The Shaafa'is said: The minimum requirement for the wedding feast, in
the case of one who can afford it, is a sheep; for others it is
whatever they can afford. That is because of the report which says
that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said to
'Abd ar-Rahmaan ibn 'Awf when he got married: "Give a wedding feast,
even if it is with a sheep."
An-Nashaa'i said: What is meant is that the minimum for one who wants
to offer a proper feast is a sheep, because it is says inat-Tanbeeh:
Whatever food is offered as a wedding feast, it is acceptable. That
includes food and drinks that are made at the time of doing the
marriage contract, such as sweets and other kinds of food, even if the
man is well off.
A number of Hanbalis stated that it is recommended (mustahabb) that
the wedding feast be no less than a sheep.
Az-Zarkashi said: The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him) said, "… even if it is with a sheep", and the mention of a sheep
here – and Allah knows best – refers to a small amount; in other
words, even with something small, like a sheep.
Al-Mirdaawi said: From this it may be understood that it is
permissible to offer a wedding feast with less than a sheep, and from
the first hadith it may be understood that one may offer more than a
sheep, because he regarded that as being little. End quote.
Secondly:
With regard to the udhiyah, one-seventh of a camel or one-seventh of a
cow is acceptable, as has been explained previously in the answer to
question no. 45757.
Thirdly:
It is permissible to buy a share in a cow or camel, even if some of
the participants do not intend to offer an udhiyah; rather they want
the meat for a wedding feast, or to eat it, or sell it, and so on.
An-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said inal-Majmoo'(8/372): It
is permissible for seven people to share a camel or cow for the
udhiyah, whether all the participants are members of one household or
otherwise, or some of them simply want the meat; that is acceptable on
the part of one who wants to offer a sacrifice, and this applies
whether it is a sacrifice in fulfilment of a vow, or a voluntary
sacrifice. This is our view, and it was the view of Ahmad and the
majority of scholars. End quote.
Ibn Qudaamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said inal-Mughni(13/363): A
camel is acceptable on behalf of seven people, as is a cow. This is
the view of most of the scholars. Then he quoted some hadiths which
support that view, then said:
As this is proven, then it makes no difference whether the
participants are members of one family or otherwise, or whether the
sacrifice is obligatory or voluntary, or whether some of them intend
to offer a sacrifice and others simply want the meat, because each of
them is only accountable for his share, and the intention of others
has no impact on that. End quote.
Based on that:
There is nothing wrong with you sharing the purchase of the cow with
your relatives, so that you will have one seventh of the cow, which
you will intend as an udhiyah – but less than one seventh will not be
acceptable as a sacrifice on your part – and they will dispose of the
rest of it in whatever manner they like, whether for a wedding feast
or otherwise.
But we should point out that the minimum age of a cow for it to be
acceptable as a sacrifice is two years; anything younger than that
will not be acceptable, even if it has a lot of meat.
And Allah knows best.
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